EXISTING EXAMINATION FACILITIES |
The CFSL (CBI), New Delhi has the following divisions, which are providing forensic support services to the various Investigating Agencies in scientific analysis of exhibits and collection/detection of relevant physical clues from Scene(s) of Crime. The scientists of the laboratory are put to rigorous trainings in India and abroad in order to upgrade the existing forensic skills and to induct innovative technologies in the field of Forensic Science.
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| Ballistics Division |
The Ballistic Division is equipped with the latest sophisticated instruments and necessary expertise to handle cases of firearms and explosives. The Ballistics work involves examination of firearms to determine the nature and type of weapons used in the crime; range of firing, linking fired bullets, cartridge cases with the suspect weapons and checking of mechanism of the weapon for the evidence of accidental discharge. For interlinking of firearm(s) with suspected bullet/cartridge cases, Ballistic Division is using sophisticated high resolution Floor Model Comparison Microscope.
The explosive work involves the examination and opinion on explosives (Civil, Military and IEDs) and explosive devices used in crime, public disorders, riots, police firing, encounters etc. re-construction of scene of crime/explosion etc. laboratory analysis of explosives and their detection. For up gradation of the working of explosives and explosion residue analysis, this Division was incorporated more sophisticated instruments like High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Gas Chromatography (GC) System.
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| Biology Division |
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The biological characteristics and other related tests of biological samples are carried out in Biology Laboratory. The articles/exhibits forwarded include blood samples, cloth, soil, hair, semen, bones, botanical products fiber, starch, grain etc. from the scene of crime/victim/suspects. The reported cases according to the nature of scenes were murder/homicides, suicides, assaults, unnatural sexual offences, dacoity, robbery and others including Arms Act, theft, riot, religious, Prevention of Damage of Property Act etc.
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| Chemistry Division |
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Chemistry Division consists of Toxicology, Narcotics and General Chemical Analysis sections. The division is equipped with high- tech analytical equipments i.e. High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) and Gas Liquid Chromatography (GLC) System etc. and undertakes chemical analysis of exhibits such as viscera, biological fluids, trap cases, dowry death cases, petroleum products, acids and various other miscellaneous exhibits referred by the Investigating Agencies. Viscera including biological fluids are examined for poison detection in cases of homicides and suicides whenever these are referred by the Investigating Agencies namely CBI, Delhi Police and sometimes referred by the Hon’ble Courts from Delhi as well as from other parts of the Country. Research and Development activities to meet case needs also form a part of the programme in bringing up the latest techniques and instrumental methods of analysis.
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| Computer Forensic Division |
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Computer Forensic division started functioning from January’ 2004. The division provides facility for examination of offline Computer/digital storage media such as Central Processing Unit, Hard Disc Drives, Compact Discs, Floppies, Flash/Pen/Thumb drive and other similar devices with USB connectivity. Its main objectives are preservation, identification, extraction and documentation of computer evidence in various Computer related crimes i.e. email tracing, pornography, human trafficking, corporate frauds etc. forwarded to the laboratory. The deleted data can be retrieved without tempering date & time tag by use of various professional hardware/software tools validated by courts of Law. Cross validation of results through the use of multiple tools and techniques is in the standard protocols of the laboratory.
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| DNA Profiling Laboratory |
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The state-of-the-art DNA Profiling Laboratory of CFSL(CBI), New Delhi is equipped with latest requirements as per the demand of the technology, has been brought into operation since the year 2006. the laboratory carries out Autosomol STR analysis and Y STR analysis of the genomic DNA obtained from any type of evidence samples requiring DNA profiling with respect to the crime cases like establishment of related-ness, disputed paternity, sexual assault, missing person, un-identified dead bodies with absolute accuracy.
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| Document Division |
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The Document Division is encountered with broad spectrum of problems pertaining to white collar crime like examination of handwriting and signatures, detection of forgery, detection and decipherment of erased, obliterated writings, decipherment of postal cancellation seals, rubber seals etc., examination of printed matter, type scripts, decipherment of invisible ink, examination of charred documents, determination of sequence (relative age) of two intersecting pen inks. Throughout the year, the division furnished expert opinion on documents referred by CBI, Delhi Police, Railways and various other Govt. of India departments including the Judiciary. The Experts of the division tender evidence in various courts throughout India and impart training by way of delivery of lectures to the trainees of CBI Academy, NICFS, Banks, Railways, Universities etc. The Document Division has recently added latest state-of-the-art instrument called VSC-5000 for quality examination of questioned documents.
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| Finger Print Division |
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Finger Prints division provides service to all branches of CBI with reference to examination of questioned thumb impressions; crime scene visits for chance prints, developments of latent prints, preparation of specimen ten digit finger prints of accused/suspects & deposition in Courts. Delhi Police and judicial courts and other Central Government Departments also tap the available resources for similar purposes in important crime investigation. Portable equipment namely High Intensity Light Source for development of chance prints at the scene of crime was inducted in the division.
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Fingerprint Experts Professional Contribution: Preparation of ten digit fingerprint slips /palm/foot print slips, Preparation of fingerprint slips from phalanges/unidentified dead bodies, Comparison of questioned/admitted fingerprints on documents with specimen/admitted fingerprints, Visiting scenes of crime for the detection/ development of chance prints, Development of chances prints on crime articles (exhibits) received in the bureau, Comparison of chance prints developed from scene of crime/ crime article with specimen / admitted fingerprints, Preparation of report /expert opinion, Marking of matching points on photographic enlargements in identical prints along with preparation of their detailed descriptions, Expert evidence in courts, Imparting training to fingerprint professionals, police officers, judicial officers, administrators and others.
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Poli Light PL-500: It is a multiple forensic light sources have been used at the scene of crime and in the laboratory. The Poli Light usage includes the location of capture of latent fingerprints, footprints and bloody fingerprints. While u sing different filters in different nm (wave length) the expert must use spectacles for protecting eyes. The forensic expert easy to handle and carry out the operation smoothly during the examination of crime scene/crime articles. The detected/developed prints are directly photographed.
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| Lie Detector Division |
The Lie Detection division renders valuable polygraph aids in number of important investigation conducted by CBI, Judiciary, Delhi Police and other law enforcement agencies. The Lie Detection division maintains latest version of computerized polygraph equipments.
Lie-detection technique is based on the principle of psychosomatic interactions of an individual, i.e. a change in the person’s consciously held feelings produces a psychological defense reaction in the form of physiological changes in his blood pressure, pulse rate, respiration and electro-dermal response (GSR). Fear of detection and entrapment induces a person to conceal the facts and this produces uncontrollable physiological reactions, which are precisely measured by Polygraph.
The objectives of the Lie detection technique are:
- To verify the statements of suspects, witnesses & complainants.
- To economise and accelerate the process of investigation by screening innocent persons where a large number of suspects are involved.
- Scientific interrogation of suspects in white-collar crime.
- To corroborate the findings of investigation by Investigating Officers.
The Division carries out Personality Assessments, Criminal Profiling in some of very important CBI case investigations. These examinations pertain not only to CBI & Delhi Police alone but also as a special case assistance is being extended to States Police as well.
The division imparts training for a period of 3-6 months in the Lie Detection Technique to the in-service scientific personnel from other organizations.
The division has initiated action programme for induction of the state-of-art technology “Electro Encephalograph cum Event Related Potential System” for Brain mapping analysis which is in process for its procurement.
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| Photo & Scientific Aid Division |
Photography Division provides expert opinion on questioned photo prints/photographic images, opinion on photographic equipments, scientific supports to all CFSL/CBI division in the examination of documents, different types of crime exhibits including murder weapons, holes in clothes, hairs, fibers, bones etc. including photography of accused persons and color photography of crime exhibits, conferences and seminars. Videography and general photography coverage of scenes of crime, close-up photography of fingerprints, bloodstains, foot prints, tyre marks, burnt subjects, scene of crime involving murders, burglary, theft, arson etc. are also provided. Sample voice recording and play the CDs/Audio/video cassette before Courts throughout India. Transfer the analog audio/video data into digital form. Provides audio/video copies of the questioned/specimen audio/video exhibits. The equipments/technology introduced in the division are:
Tascam double cassette recorder: Used for recording from audio cassette to direct CD (Analog to digital & vice versa).
Marantz cassette recorder: Used for digital sample voice recording.
Graphic Equalizer: For enhancement of voice and removing of the background hissing sound.
Scanner: Scanning of photograph and negatives.
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| Physics Division |
In Physics division different types of examinations have been carried out like examination of paint, glass, soil, fibers, metallic pieces, threads and ropes, cloth pieces, struggle mark and cut marks on cloth, knot examination, examination of metallic seals, postal seals, and wax seals, deciphering of erased chassis and engine number of vehicles, registration plate of vehicles, examination of tool marks etc. The Physics division is also carrying out the examination of telephonic and direct recording in respect of Speaker Identification. A very advanced version of computerized Voice Spectrograph namely Computerized Speech Lab Model CSL-4500 has been acquired and is being used for analysis of Speaker Identification cases.
The Physics division has undertaken new project work in the field of Noise reduction/signal enhancement and Audio tape Authentication. In addition to the above activities the staff of Physics division visit the scene of crime and also undertake the task of re-construction of scene of crime on regular basis. The Physics Division has expertise in making life-size dummy to re-construct the scene of crime in the cases of homicidal, accidental or suicidal.
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| Serology Division |
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Serology Division caters to the needs of investigating agencies by determination of species of origine and ABO grouping from body fluids, tissues, bones, saliva etc. in cases of murder, hit & run, sexual offences, robbery, dacoity etc.. The Division has been providing, active support to the Indian defence forces by examining the cases of air craft accident for evaluation of possible cause of bird hit.
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| Scientific Aid Unit (Chennai) |
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The scientific Aid Unit (Chennai) provides the facilities of document examination as provided by the Document Division of CFSL. New Delhi, like examination of hand writing, signatures, typescripts, rubber stamp impressions, seal impressions, examination of counterfeit currency notes and lottery tickets, determination of interpolation, substitution, addition, over writings, decipherment of the mechanically and chemically erased writings, decipherment of invisible ink, re-construction of the charred and burnt documents, determination of the order of the sequence of the strokes at the point of intersections, examination of the torned or serrated edges of paper and comparison with their counterparts, determination of the absolute or relative age of the documents, examination of ink, paper and writing implements etc. are carried out.
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