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| A Brief History of CBI |
The Central Bureau of Investigation traces its origin to the Special Police Establishment
(SPE) which was set up in 1941 by the Government of India. The
functions of the SPE then were to investigate cases of bribery and
corruption in transactions with the War & Supply Deptt. Of India
during World War II. Superintendence of the S.P.E. was vested with
the War Department.
Even after the end of the War, the need for a Central Government agency to investigate cases of
bribery and corruption by Central Government employees was felt. The
Delhi Special Police Establishment Act was therefore brought into
force in 1946. This Act transferred the superintendence of the SPE
to the Home Department and its functions were enlarged to cover all
departments of the Govt. of India. The jurisdiction of the SPE
extended to all the Union Territories and could be extended also to
the States with the consent of the State Government concerned.
The DSPE acquired its popular current name, Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI), through a Home
Ministry resolution dated 1.4.1963. Initially the offences that were
notified by the Central Government related only to corruption by
Central Govt. servants. In due course, with the setting up of a
large number of public sector undertakings, the employees of these
undertakings were also brought under CBI purview. Similarly, with
the nationalisation of the banks in 1969, the Public Sector Banks
and their employees also came within the ambit of the CBI.
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| Founder Director |
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The founder director of the CBI was Shri D.P. Kohli who
held office from 1st April, 1963 to 31st May, 1968. Before this, he
was Inspector-General of Police of the Special Police Establishment
from 1955 to 1963. Before that he held responsible positions in
police in Madhya Bharat, Uttar Pradesh and Govt. of India. He was
Police Chief in Madhya Bharat before joining the SPE. Shri Kohli was
awarded 'Padma Bhushan' in 1967 for his distinguished services.
Shri Kohli was a visionary who saw in the Special Police Establishment the potential
of growing into the national investigative agency. He nurtured the
organisation during his long stint as Inspector General and as
Director and laid the solid foundation on which the organisation
grew over the decades to become what it is today.
While inaugurating the 4th Biennial Joint Conference of the CBI and State
Anti-Corruption Officers, Shri Kohli told the delegates: "The
public expects the highest standard from you both in efficiency and
integrity. That faith is to be sustained. The motto of the CBI -
Industry, Impartiality and Integrity: these must always guide your
work. Loyalty to duty must act first, everywhere, at all times and
in all circumstances."
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| Former Directors |
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Late Sh. D.P.Kohli
01/04/63 - 31/05/68
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Sh.F V Arul
31/05/68 - 06/05/71
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Sh D.Sen
06/05/71 - 29/03/77
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Sh.S N Mathur
29/03/77 - 02/05/77
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Sh.C V Narsimhan
02/05/77 - 25/11/77
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Sh.John Lobo
25/11/77 - 30/06/79
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Shri R D Singh
30/06/79 - 24/01/80
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Shri J S Bawa
24/01/80 - 28/02/85
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Late Shri M G Katre
28/02/85 - 31/10/89
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Dr A P Mukherjee
31/10/89 - 11/01/90
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Shri R Sekhar
11/01/90 - 14/12/90
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Shri Vijay Karan
14/12/90 - 01/06/92
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Shri S K Datta
01/06/92 - 31/07/93
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Shri K Vijaya Rama
Rao
31/07/93 - 31/07/96
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Shri Joginder Singh
31/07/96 - 30/06/97
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Shri R C Sharma
30/06/97 - 31/01/98
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Shri D R
Karthikeyan(acting)
31/01/98 - 31/03/98
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Dr. T N Mishra(acting)
31/03/98 - 04/01/99
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Dr. R.K.Raghavan
04/01/99 - 30/04/01
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Shri PC Sharma
30/04/01 - 06/12/03
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Shri U S Misra
06/12/03-06/12/05
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Emergence As A National Investigative Agency |
From 1965 onwards, the CBI has
also been entrusted with the investigation of Economic Offences and
important conventional crimes such as murders, kidnapping, terrorist
crimes, etc., on a selective basis.
The SPE initially had two Wings. They were the General Offences Wing (GOW) and Economic
Offences Wing (EOW). The GOW dealt with cases of bribery and
corruption involving the employees of Central Government and Public
Sector Undertakings. The EOW dealt with cases of violation of
various economic/fiscal laws. Under tshis set-up, the GOW had at
least one Branch in each State and the EOW in the four metropolitan
cities, i.e, Delhi, Madras, Bombay and Calcutta. These EOW Branches
dealt with offences reported from the Regions, i.e, each Branch had
jurisdiction over several States.
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| Widening Role |
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As the CBI, over the years, established a reputation for impartiality and competence,
demands were made on it to take up investigation of more cases of
conventional crime such as murder, kidnapping, terrorist crime, etc.
Apart from this, even the Supreme court and the various High Courts
of the country also started entrusting such cases for investigation
to the CBI on petitions filed by aggrieved parties. Taking into
account the fact that several cases falling under this category were
being taken up for investigation by the CBI, it was found expedient
to entrust such cases to the Branches having local jurisdiction.
It was therefore decided in 1987 to constitute two investigation divisions in the
CBI, namely, Anti-Corruption Division and Special Crimes Division,
the latter dealing with cases of conventional crime, besides
economic offences.
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